Using Viscoelastic and Path-Dependent Models for Analyzing the Curing Process in Fiber-Reinforced Composites With Abaqus subroutines

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Fiber-reinforced composites, widely used across various industries, consist of reinforcing fibers embedded in a matrix. During the curing process, this mixture transforms into a stable material. Curing is a critical step to ensure the durability and strength of the final product. In one of our intermediate packages, we used Abaqus to analyze the curing process in composites with linear elastic models. While these models are straightforward and user-friendly, their accuracy is limited because composites exhibit viscoelastic behavior during curing, rather than elastic behavior. To address this limitation, the current package introduces two more advanced and accurate models for analyzing residual stresses in composites: the viscoelastic model and the path-dependent model. These models offer significantly greater accuracy compared to linear elastic ones but involve added complexity. To simplify this complexity for users, the package begins with a comprehensive overview of the underlying theories and formulations for the viscoelastic and path-dependent models. It then provides detailed guidance on implementing these models using Abaqus subroutines. Finally, workshops are included to demonstrate how the viscoelastic model significantly improves the prediction of residual stresses in composites compared to the elastic models featured in our intermediate package.

Hygrothermal effects on composite materials | Degradation in Fiber Reinforced Composites Abaqus Simulation: Python & Subroutines

 280.0

In this tutorial, we explore the hygrothermal degradation composites using ABAQUS, a powerful tool for parallel finite element analysis. Industries like aerospace, marine, and automotive heavily rely on these composites due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and versatility. However, long-term exposure to moisture and temperature can degrade their mechanical properties, making an analysis of hygrothermal effects on composite materials essential for ensuring durability.

ABAQUS allows precise modeling of these environmental conditions through Python scripts and Fortran subroutines. This combination enables efficient simulations across multiple processors, offering insights into key elastic properties, such as Young’s modulus and shear modulus, under varying conditions. By leveraging the ABAQUS Python Scripting Micro Modeling (APSMM) algorithm and custom subroutines, engineers can predict the long-term performance of fiber-reinforced composites, optimizing design and enhancing material performance in critical sectors like aerospace and marine.

In the present Abaqus tutorial for parallel finite element analysis, we have presented the software skills that a person needs when he wants to perform a parallel finite element analysis such as a micro-macro scale analysis. The Abaqus tutorial for parallel finite element analysis covers all you need to write a python scripting code for noGUI environment and also Fortran code for the subroutine environment of Abaqus to execute a parallel finite element analysis via Abaqus software. You can download the syllabus of this package here.

MASTER COMPOSITE SIMULATION IN ABAQUS

 1958.0
In this comprehensive online course, you'll explore composite material modeling using Abaqus software. We’ll guide you through the process of creating precise finite element models for various composites, including unidirectional, woven, and chopped fiber configurations. You'll also learn to model different types of damage within these composites, including wood composites like balsa wood. But the course goes further, equipping you to develop custom material models and damage functionalities using subroutines that build on Abaqus' built-in capabilities, such as 3D continuum, Hashin, and Puck models. Additionally, you'll delve into simulating curing and fatigue behavior in composites, applying these advanced techniques for more accurate analysis.

Pultrusion Crack Simulation in Large-Size Profiles | Pultrusion Abaqus

 250.0

Pultrusion is a crucial task for producing constant-profile composites by pulling fibers through a resin bath and heated die. Simulations play a vital role in optimizing parameters like pulling speed and die temperature to enhance product quality and efficiency. They predict material property changes and aid in process control, reducing reliance on extensive experimental trials. However, simulations face challenges such as accurately modeling complex material behaviors and requiring significant computational resources. These challenges underscore the need for precise simulation methods to improve Pultrusion processes. This study employs ABAQUS with user subroutines for detailed mechanical behavior simulations, including curing kinetics and resin properties. Key findings include insights into crack formation (pultrusion crack simulation), material property changes, and optimization strategies for enhancing manufacturing efficiency and product quality. This research (pultrusion Abaqus) provides practical knowledge for implementing findings in real-world applications, advancing composite material production.

Short fiber composite damage (Mean Field Homogenization Model)

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Short-fiber reinforced thermoplastics, popular due to their strength, lightness, and cost-effectiveness, are often manufactured using injection molding to create complex parts with dispersed short fibers. However, failure in these materials is complex, involving mechanisms like fiber cracking and plastic deformation. Current models for damage and failure are either macroscopic or simplified. A new method tackles this challenge by evaluating stiffness using continuum damage mechanics with a multistep homogenization approach. This new method is called “Mean Field Homogenization”. This approach involves a two-stage process: first, the fibers are split into groups (grains). Then, mean-field homogenization is employed within Abaqus using a UMAT subroutine to average stiffness across these phases, followed by overall homogenization. This use of mean-field homogenization Abaqus simplifies the modeling of the composite's intricate geometry. The method was validated through testing on a distal radius plate. Calibration was achieved through experiments, and the simulation was performed using Abaqus finite element software. It's important to note that the Abaqus short fiber damage mean field homogenization process was implemented within Abaqus through the INP code.

Curing process simulation in Abaqus

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Fiber-reinforced composites have found widespread use across various fields due to their remarkable properties. This necessitates a careful design of their manufacturing processes to attain industrial application quality. The critical factor influencing their quality is the curing process, wherein the resin transforms into a solid state under temperature cycles. However, the challenge lies in achieving optimal curing quality while maintaining production efficiency. To overcome this challenge, an effective approach involves utilizing numerical simulations to optimize temperature cycles during curing. Nonetheless, creating such a model is complex as it must consider multiple factors concurrently, including temperature release from chemical reactions, shrinkage strains, and stress resulting from temperature variations, topics covered in this package. The package begins with an introduction to fiber-reinforced composites, exploring their advantages, applications, and categorization. It guides you through the fabrication process, detailing curing techniques and associated challenges. Furthermore, the package introduces constitutive equations for simulating the curing process and the necessary Abaqus subroutines for implementation. Additionally, two practical workshops are included to offer experience in modeling the curing process with Abaqus. These workshops enable you to evaluate internal heat generation and analyze strain and stress distributions. They not only provide guidance on simulation and subroutine implementation but also are provided for verification purposes.

Damage Properties of Thermoplastic Polymers with UMAT Subroutine

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Thermoplastic polymers are materials composed of long molecular chains primarily consisting of carbon. These polymers possess the unique ability to be shaped and molded under heat and pressure while retaining their stability once formed. This high formability makes them widely used in various industries, including furniture production, plumbing fixtures, automotive components, food packaging containers, and other consumer products. This package introduces a thermodynamically consistent damage model capable of accurately predicting failure in thermoplastic polymers.  The implementation of this model is explained through the use of an ABAQUS user material (UMAT) subroutine. The package is structured as follows. The introduction section Provides an overview of thermoplastic polymers and their mechanical properties. In the Theory section, the constitutive damage model and its formulation are reviewed. Then, an algorithm for numerically integrating the damage constitutive equations is presented in the Implementation section. In the UMAT Subroutine section, a detailed explanation of the flowchart and structure of the subroutine is provided. Finally, two simulation examples, namely the T-fitting burst pressure test and the D-Split test, are performed and the obtained results, are investigated. Notice: Software files and A full PDF guideline (Problem description, theory, ...) are available; Videos are coming soon.

Composite Pressure Vessel simulation in ABAQUS

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Pressure vessels are made using different methods today, and one of them is filament winding. This package shows the simulation of composite pressure vessels made using the filament winding method. In this training package, three winding methods, planar, geodesic, and isotensoid, have been taught for filament winding pressure vessels. In this tutorial, two general methods also have been presented for simulating filament wound pressure vessels. One uses the Abaqus graphical user interface(GUI), and the other uses the Python script. On the other hand, two criteria, Tsai-Hill and Puck, have been used to model damage in the composite. A UMAT subroutine has been used to use the Puck criterion.

Composite pressure vessel analysis with Semi-Geodesic winding

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Nowadays, pressure vessels are produced using various methods, one of which is filament winding. This package teaches the simulation of composite pressure vessels produced using the filament winding method. Filament winding itself has different methods, and one of the most widely used winding methods for producing composite vessels is the semi-geodesic filament winding method. In this package, first, the semi-geodesic method is described. Then, the simulation of a semi-geodesic vessel is performed using a Python script. Additionally, a UMAT subroutine is used to simulate the failure of composite materials used in the vessel.

Full Composite fatigue Add-on (Academic and industrial usage)

 1800.0
This package is designed to instruct users on how to utilize the composite fatigue modeling Add-on, which removes the need to write a subroutine for composite fatigue modeling. Instead, users can select the composite type, input material properties, and generate the subroutine by clicking a button. The Add-on includes four types of composites, and the generated subroutine for all types is the UMAT. These four types are Unidirectional, Woven, short fiber composites (chopped), and wood. The fatigue criteria used for each type are the same as its respective package. For example, the fatigue criteria for woven composites are identical to that used in the "Simulation of woven composite fatigue in Abaqus" package. This Add-on provides a simple graphical user interface for composite fatigue modeling, which can be utilized for both academic and industrial applications.

Full Composite damage Add-on (Academic and industrial usage)

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This package will teach you how to use the composite damage modeling Add-on. The Add-on eliminates the need for writing a subroutine for composite damage modeling. Instead, you only need to select the desired composite type, input the material properties, and click a button. The Add-on will then generate the subroutine for you. The Add-on includes four types of composites: Unidirectional, Woven, short fiber composites (chopped), and wood. The generated subroutine for all types is the VUSDFLD. The damage criteria used in each type is the same as the one used in its respective package. For instance, the damage criteria for the woven composite is identical to the one used in the "Simulation of woven composite damage in the Abaqus" package. This Add-on offers a user-friendly graphical user interface for composite damage modeling, which can be used for academic and industrial purposes.

Composite Fatigue Simulation with VUMAT Subroutine in ABAQUS

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This training package consists of four chapters that help engineers and researchers in the industry to understand the fundamental concepts and necessary tools for simulating composite fatigue using VUMAT subroutine in ABAQUS. The first chapter provides an overview of the fatigue behavior of composite materials, including the factors contributing to fatigue failure. The second chapter explores the failure mechanisms of composite materials and the types of damage that can occur. The third chapter discusses the effects of fatigue on composite materials, including how it affects the material's properties and performance. Finally, the fourth chapter focuses on using the VUMAT subroutine in ABAQUS for composite fatigue analysis, including the material models and criteria used to simulate the behavior of composite materials under various loading conditions. By mastering the concepts and tools presented in this package, engineers can develop more durable and reliable composite structures that can withstand cyclic loading over extended periods of time.

Composite simulation for experts-Part-3

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Pay attention to the syllabus and availability file details. some of the packages are fully available and some of them are partially available. If this is partially available it takes at least two months to be completely available.

If you are a graduate or Ph.D. student, if you are a university professor or an expert engineer in the industry who deals with simulation software, you are definitely familiar with the limitations of this software in defining the material properties, loading or meshing, interaction properties, and etc. You have certainly tried to define the properties of materials based on advanced fracture theories in finite element software and are familiar with their limitations and problems. Now, here is your solution. Start writing subroutines in finite element software and overcome the limitations. With the tutorials in the Golden Package, you will learn how to write 8 subroutines in Abaqus software professionally.

Composite simulation for experts-Part-2

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(3)
Pay attention to the syllabus and availability file details. some of the packages are fully available and some of them are partially available. If this is partially available it takes at least two months to be completely available.

If you are a researcher, student, university professor, or  Engineer in the company in the field of composite materials, this training package in simulating these materials in Abaqus software is the best selection. This training package is the second part of the composite for expert package and is focusing on the Simulation of woven composite damage in Abaqus, Composite Fatigue Simulation, Analysis of Composite pressure vessel with Semi-Geodesic winding,  Simulation of composite Hashin damage in 3d continuum element  (UMAT-VUMAT-USDFLD), and  Abaqus composite modeling of Woven & Unidirectional + RVE method.

 

Simulation of composite Puck damage in 3d continuum element in Abaqus (UMAT-USDFLD-VUMAT)

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The Puck criterion is an essential damage model for composite materials, considering both fiber and matrix failures simultaneously. It provides a practical way to predict the onset of damage in composites under various loading conditions. This training package is focused on simulating composite PUCK damage in 3D continuum elements using UMAT, VUMAT, and USDFLD subroutines in Abaqus. It covers different types of failure in composites, including fiber failure, matrix cracking, delamination, and interfacial failure, as well as criteria for predicting failure modes in composites that are dependent or not dependent on each other, such as the Tsai-Wu and Tsai-Hill criterion, respectively. Additionally, the package covers composites' most commonly used damage criteria, including the Puck criterion. The package provides step-by-step guidance on simulating composite Puck damage using each of the subroutines mentioned above in Abaqus.  

Wood damage simulation with Abaqus subroutine | Wood damage FEM

 220.0

Wood, a natural material essential for various applications, can suffer damage that compromises its structural integrity. Therefore, damage prediction is vital for maintaining the reliability of both new and existing wooden structures. While experimental methods for predicting wood damage can be costly and complex, numerical simulations, such as those using wood damage FEM, offer a more efficient and safer alternative. These simulations, adaptable to different conditions and materials, allow for a comprehensive analysis of wood behavior. However, they may face challenges due to wood's complex properties. Well-known numerical models, such as the Hashin, Sandhaas, and Balsa, have been introduced to analyze damage in wooden structures. We have implemented them in Abaqus CAE, a powerful software. As the models are not defined in its material library, we have used the VUSDFLD subroutine. It enables failure prediction and stiffness degradation. This tutorial, with its step-by-step guide, helps you to write the VUSDFLD subroutine for the presented damage models, leveraging the capabilities of wood damage FEM.

Simulation of woven composites damage in Abaqus

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Woven composites are net-shaped composite structures that are fully interconnected by their yarns. Like a piece of cloth, the yarns are weaved together as warp and weft to create a composite structure. This package includes several components. First, it begins with an introduction to woven composites. Next, it provides a detailed explanation of macro modeling and offers guidance on how to perform it. The damage criteria employed in this package is a modified version of the Hashin criteria specifically designed for woven composites. Furthermore, the package demonstrates how to model damage using the USDFLD subroutine and Hashin relations. The subroutine is thoroughly explained, line by line, and a workshop is conducted to facilitate learning and practical application. Finally, the subroutine's validity is confirmed through a verification process.

Damage simulation of short fibre composites with subroutine

 340.0
Short fiber composites consist of chopped fibers and a matrix, forming a discontinuous fiber-reinforced material, with fibers typically positioned either aligned or randomly within the matrix based on the intended application. In this training package, you will learn how to model the short fiber composite (SFC) damage in Abaqus based on this article: “Damage Modeling in Random Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Composites Including Permanent Strain and Unilateral Effect”. In the lesson one, you will learn the fundamentals such as the SFCs advantages, applications, and etc. Moving on to Lesson 2, the focus shifts to modeling Short Fiber Composites in Abaqus. The lesson introduces the critical decision between Macro and Micro modeling, which this package do a macro modeling. Lesson 3 advances the learning journey by exploring damage modeling in Short Fiber Composites, particularly through Dano's model. This macroscopic approach incorporates irreversible processes and internal variables, addressing anisotropic damage, unilateral effects, and residual effects. Lesson 4 bridges theory to practical application, guiding users on how to implement Dano's model in Abaqus through the VUSDFLD subroutine. The tutorial navigates through the subroutine's flowchart, explaining each line sequentially. Complementing the lessons are two workshops. Workshop 1 features a 2D composite plate with a hole using plane stress elements, offering a detailed breakdown of material properties, boundary conditions, and simulation procedures. Workshop 2, mirroring the first, employs shell elements, showcasing variations in element types while maintaining consistency with the utilization of the VUSDFLD subroutine.

Balsa wood fatigue simulation with Abaqus subroutine

 320.0
(1)
This training package focus on writing subroutines to simulate wood fatigue in Abaqus. In the "Balsa wood fatigue simulation with subroutine" package, the used fatigue theory of wood has been described. Then, the flowchart of the subroutine and writing subroutine line-by-line is explained. It helps users to develop the subroutine based on customized theory. Finally, the subroutine is implemented on the Abaqus model, and the results are discussed.

Fatigue damage simulation of short fibre composites with subroutine

 340.0
Fatigue failure in materials occurs when repetitive or fluctuating stresses, below the ultimate strength and often below the yield limit, lead to sudden and unpredictable failure, making it a significant concern in engineering due to its potential for catastrophic consequences. The reinforced part of the fiber-reinforced composites can be categorized as continuous or discontinuous, with the latter referred to as short fiber-reinforced composites. In this training package, the fatigue of short (chopped) fiber composites is explained. Two fatigue damage models are presented for short fiber composites: Nouri fatigue damage model and Avanzini fatigue damage model. The Nouri’s model is applicable for composites with orthotropic behavior. But the Avanzini’s model has considered the fiber distribution in the matrix to be homogeneous and random. It has assumed the material behavior to be isotropic. Also, Nouri's model was developed for strain-controlled test, but Avanzini's model was developed for stress-controlled test. In this tutorial, we use the Avanzini’s model, which is base on this article: “Fatigue behavior and cyclic damage of peek short fiber reinforced composites”. This article has implemented the USDFLD subroutine, but we use the UMAT subroutine, which is more accurate than USDFLD since the material strength and properties reduction is smooth. A standard test specimen is used in this simulation to model such behavior. You will learn the details in the package.

Simulation of woven composite fatigue in Abaqus

 420.0
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The training package focuses on simulating woven composite fatigue using Abaqus software and the modified Hashin fatigue damage model based on the article titled  "Life prediction of woven CFRP structure subject to static and fatigue loading ". Woven composites have high strength and stiffness-to-weight ratios, but the interlacing pattern can affect stress distribution and damage mechanisms, making fatigue analysis crucial. The package includes four lessons covering different types of composite fatigue models, material characterization, generalization of the failure model, and the implementation of the UMAT subroutine. Two workshops provide hands-on experience in implementing the UMAT subroutine on one element in cyclic tension and a complex model. Fatigue analysis predicts material behavior under cyclic loading and helps design safe and reliable structures.

Simulation of composite Hashin damage in 3d continuum element in Abaqus (UMAT-VUMAT-USDFLD)

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In this training package, the 3D continuum HASHIN damage initiation model is prepared via three subroutines (USDFLD, UMAT and VUMAT).This training package teach you subroutines line-by-line. It should be noted that after damage initiation, failure occurs suddenly and in the form of a reduction in properties in the model. The HASHIN theory for this package is based on Kermanidis article titled” FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF DAMAGE ACCUMULATION IN BOLTED COMPOSITE JOINTS UNDER INCREMENTAL TENSILE LOADING “.

Composite simulation for experts-Part-1

 930.0
(18)
If you are a graduate or Ph.D. student, if you are a university professor or an expert engineer in the industry who deals with simulation software, you are definitely familiar with the limitations of this software in defining the material properties, loading or meshing, interaction properties, and etc. You have certainly tried to define the properties of materials based on advanced fracture theories in finite element software and are familiar with their limitations and problems. Now, here is your solution. Start writing subroutines in finite element software and overcome the limitations. With the tutorials in the Golden Package, you will learn how to write 8 subroutines in Abaqus software professionally.

3D continuum Abaqus HASHIN progressive Damage for composite materials (VUMAT Subroutine)

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This tutorial teaches how to simulate damage in 3d continuum composite materials in ABAQUS. As you know, Abaqus does not have any material model for 3d composite materials. So, the user needs to write a customized subroutine to simulate damage initiation and progressive damage for composite materials in ABAQUS. In this package, one of the most practical damage initiation criteria (Hashin) is used to detect failure. It should be mentioned that this subroutine includes gradual progressive damage based on the energy method. This complex subroutine could be used for static and dynamic problems.